schizofrenia

Schizofrenia to choroba psychiczna, która wpływa na sposób myślenia, emocje i zachowanie osoby dotkniętej tym schorzeniem. Choroba ta jest zwykle postępująca i przewlekła, a jej objawy mogą wystąpić u osób w różnym wieku, chociaż zwykle pojawiają się w młodym wieku, między 16 a 30 rokiem życia.

Osoby z schizofrenią często doświadczają halucynacji, które są wizualnymi, słuchowymi lub sensorycznymi doświadczeniami, które nie mają rzeczywistych podstaw. Osoby te mogą również doświadczać urojeń, czyli przekonania o rzeczywistości, które nie mają podstaw w rzeczywistości, np. urojenia prześladowcze, urojenia wielkościowe czy urojenia kontrolne.

Osoby z schizofrenią często mają trudności z myśleniem logicznym i skupianiem uwagi. Mogą mieć trudności w poruszaniu się po codziennych sytuacjach, takich jak utrzymanie pracy czy kontakt z innymi ludźmi. Często mają też trudności z wyrażaniem emocji, np. brak reakcji emocjonalnych w odpowiedzi na sytuacje, które normalnie wywołują silne emocje.

Chociaż przyczyny schizofrenii nie są do końca znane, wiadomo, że wpływają na nią czynniki genetyczne i środowiskowe. Choroba ta jest leczona za pomocą leków przeciwpsychotycznych i terapii psychologicznej, a wiele osób z schizofrenią jest w stanie żyć w pełni funkcjonalnym życiem z odpowiednim wsparciem i leczeniem.

Chociaż schizofrenia może wystąpić u każdej osoby, bez względu na płeć czy pochodzenie etniczne, to jednak istnieją niektóre czynniki, które zwiększają ryzyko zachorowania na tę chorobę. Należą do nich:

• - Historia rodziny z chorobą psychiczną, w tym schizofrenią
• - Zdarzenia traumatyczne w dzieciństwie lub wczesnej dorosłości
• - Używanie narkotyków lub alkoholu w nadmiernych ilościach
• - Zakażenia wirusowe, takie jak wirus opryszczki lub cytomegalii
• - Niedobór witaminy D lub innych składników odżywczych

Schizofrenia występuje u około 1% populacji na całym świecie i jest jedną z najbardziej powszechnych chorób psychicznych.

Nam ultrices ultrices nec tortor pulvinar fermentum mi. Sociis sit tristique sagittis, mauris volutpat estera phasellus. Varius nec orci, quam augue lorem lines pellentesque non id. Tristique amet volutpat nunc euismod. Mauris felis at quam sollicitudin est sempe vulputate id in nullam. Purus tincidunt maga ut turpis eu, eu enim. Nisl porttitor elit risus velit urna morbit mauris at proin laoreet lobortis urna aliquam setera fermentum sit iaculis vitae hendrerit et. Arcu ac est dictum lorem ispum dolor sit amet nunc usrus seio.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Viverra tristique placerat in sat massa consectetur quisque. Nunc aces fames lectus in libero aliquet ertare feraso est lorem nunc dolor sit amet settera aces volutpat in voltare lupar est phasellus.

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“Hari is a 32-year-old male. He is seen wandering in the streets in dirty clothes. He is seen smiling and talking as if there is someone around when alone. He is very fearful at times and is seen anxiously pacing around in the streets. He collects garbage without any reason and doesn’t seem to be bothered by what other people think.”

“Rama is a 36-year-old female from a well-to-do family. There is always a conflict between her and her husband. She believes that her husband has an affair. She tells she doesn’t have proof but knows somehow that is the truth. All the family members know that this is not the case but they cannot convince her. She also tells people are conspiring against her using black magic. She doesn’t sleep at night and is not able to do her household works. The family doesn’t know what to make out of this”

The above two cases are classic examples of psychotic illness. Schizophrenia, a type of psychosis, is a serious mental illness that affects a large group of patients worldwide. The patients with schizophrenia have marked changes in how he thinks, feels, and behaves as compared to his previous self. They seem like they have lost touch with reality, which causes significant distress for the individual, their family members, and friends. The symptoms of schizophrenia generally fall into the following categories:

Hallucinations, such as hearing voices not heard to others or seeing things that are not seen by others Delusions, which are false beliefs but firmly held beliefs. These are not supported by objective facts (e.g., irrational fears that people are trying to harm, police are trying to persecute, believing that the television, radio, or internet are broadcasting special messages about them, people are talking about them) Thought disorder, which includes unusual thinking or disorganized speech that we may not be able to understand Negative symptoms include loss of motivation, disinterest or lack of enjoyment in daily activities, social withdrawal, difficulty showing emotions, reduced speaking, and difficulty functioning normally. Cognitive symptoms include problems in attention, concentration, and memory. The patients may experience difficulty processing information to make decisions. Schizophrenia is associated with considerable disability and may affect all domains of life. People with schizophrenia are 2 – 3 times more likely to die early than the general population. This is often due to physical illnesses, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Also, stigma, discrimination, and violation of the human rights of people with schizophrenia are common.

It is still not known what exactly causes schizophrenia, but recent evidence supports a combination of genetics, brain chemistry, and environment contributes to the development of this disorder. The imbalance of certain naturally occurring brain chemicals like dopamine and glutamate may contribute to schizophrenia. Also, there are changes in the brain structure and central nervous system of people with schizophrenia indicating that schizophrenia is a neurobiological disorder.

With proper treatment, people with schizophrenia can lead a normal life. The mainstay of treatment is antipsychotic drugs like olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, haloperidol, quetiapine, clozapine, amisulpride, etc. One drug or a combination may be used as required by the clinician. As with other chronic illnesses, medications have to be taken for a long time. After the symptoms of schizophrenia are controlled by the use of medications, various types of therapy can help people manage the illness and improve their lives. The main aim of therapy and psychosocial supports is to maintain the compliance of medication, learn social skills, cope with stress, identify early warning signs of relapse and prolong periods of remission.

There is no sure way to prevent schizophrenia, but sticking with the medication and treatment plan can help prevent relapses or worsening of symptoms. The best way to help a patient is early identification and prompt treatment.

Nam ultrices ultrices nec tortor pulvinar fermentum mi. Sociis sit tristique sagittis, mauris volutpat estera phasellus. Varius nec orci, quam augue lorem lines pellentesque non id. Tristique amet volutpat nunc euismod. Mauris felis at quam sollicitudin est sempe vulputate id in nullam. Purus tincidunt maga ut turpis eu, eu enim. Nisl porttitor elit risus velit urna morbit mauris at proin laoreet lobortis urna aliquam setera fermentum sit iaculis vitae hendrerit et. Arcu ac est dictum lorem ispum dolor sit amet nunc usrus seio.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Viverra tristique placerat in sat massa consectetur quisque. Nunc aces fames lectus in libero aliquet ertare feraso est lorem nunc dolor sit amet settera aces volutpat in voltare lupar est phasellus.

Faucibus sed tristique fames sed aliquet ultricies eget viverra arcu. Vitae faucibus diam consequat aecenas. Turpis metus sit diam purus leo in varius ac quam. Nunc amet sei tristique set volutpat vulputate est phasellus. Volutpat faucibus per praesent aced no nuncare voltare per settera lorem ipsum dolor loboritas prion mauris varius est.

Nam ultrices ultrices nec tortor pulvinar fermentum mi. Sociis sit tristique sagittis, mauris volutpat estera phasellus. Varius nec orci, quam augue lorem lines pellentesque non id. Tristique amet volutpat nunc euismod. Mauris felis at quam sollicitudin est sempe vulputate id in nullam. Purus tincidunt maga ut turpis eu, eu enim. Nisl porttitor elit risus velit urna morbit mauris at proin laoreet lobortis urna aliquam setera fermentum sit iaculis vitae hendrerit et. Arcu ac est dictum lorem ispum dolor sit amet nunc usrus seio.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Viverra tristique placerat in sat massa consectetur quisque. Nunc aces fames lectus in libero aliquet ertare feraso est lorem nunc dolor sit amet settera aces volutpat in voltare lupar est phasellus.

Faucibus sed tristique fames sed aliquet ultricies eget viverra arcu. Vitae faucibus diam consequat aecenas. Turpis metus sit diam purus leo in varius ac quam. Nunc amet sei tristique set volutpat vulputate est phasellus. Volutpat faucibus per praesent aced no nuncare voltare per settera lorem ipsum dolor loboritas prion mauris varius est.

Nam ultrices ultrices nec tortor pulvinar fermentum mi. Sociis sit tristique sagittis, mauris volutpat estera phasellus. Varius nec orci, quam augue lorem lines pellentesque non id. Tristique amet volutpat nunc euismod. Mauris felis at quam sollicitudin est sempe vulputate id in nullam. Purus tincidunt maga ut turpis eu, eu enim. Nisl porttitor elit risus velit urna morbit mauris at proin laoreet lobortis urna aliquam setera fermentum sit iaculis vitae hendrerit et. Arcu ac est dictum lorem ispum dolor sit amet nunc usrus seio.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Viverra tristique placerat in sat massa consectetur quisque. Nunc aces fames lectus in libero aliquet ertare feraso est lorem nunc dolor sit amet settera aces volutpat in voltare lupar est phasellus.

Faucibus sed tristique fames sed aliquet ultricies eget viverra arcu. Vitae faucibus diam consequat aecenas. Turpis metus sit diam purus leo in varius ac quam. Nunc amet sei tristique set volutpat vulputate est phasellus. Volutpat faucibus per praesent aced no nuncare voltare per settera lorem ipsum dolor loboritas prion mauris varius est.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Viverra tristique placerat in sat massa consectetur quisque. Nunc aces fames lectus in libero aliquet ertare feraso est lorem nunc dolor sit amet settera aces volutpat in voltare lupar est phasellus.

Faucibus sed tristique fames sed aliquet ultricies eget viverra arcu. Vitae faucibus diam consequat aecenas. Turpis metus sit diam purus leo in varius ac quam. Nunc amet tristique set volutpat Discord vulputate est phasellus. Volutpat faucibus per praesent aced nuncare voltare per settera lorem ipsum dolor.